True. According to the rules of Ultimate, if a foul is called by Player A on defense and it is not against the thrower, the outcome of the play (in this case, the incomplete pass) can stand only if the foul or the call did not affect the throw. If the thrower was in the act of throwing when the foul was called and the foul or call did not impact the throw, then the result of the play, which is a turnover due to the incomplete pass, can stand. This is in accordance with rules 16.2 and 16.3, which deal with continuation after a call and the impact of fouls on play.

In the scenario described, where a foul is called by Player A on defense and not against the thrower, and the thrower was in the act of throwing when the foul was called, the outcome of the play depends on whether the foul or the call affected the throw. According to the rules, if the foul call did not impact the throw and the pass is incomplete, the turnover stands. However, if the foul call affected the thrower's action, resulting in an incomplete pass, the disc should be returned to the thrower. This interpretation aligns with the rules that state continuation applies unless the foul directly impacts the outcome of the throw. Therefore, the key factor here is determining whether the foul call influenced the thrower's ability to complete the pass. If it did, the play should be reset with the disc returning to the thrower. If it did not, the turnover caused by the incomplete pass stands.

Yes, that statement is true. According to the rules of Ultimate, if a 'Pick' is called while the thrower still has the disc and the thrower does not hear the 'Pick' call, resulting in a pass that is dropped by the receiver, the disc should indeed go back to the thrower. This is unless both teams agree that the 'Pick' or the call itself did not affect the outcome of the play. This rule ensures that the play is neutralized to the point before the infraction occurred, maintaining fairness in the game.

During a pick call in Ultimate frisbee, if the disc is thrown but the pass is incomplete, the disc is returned to the thrower. This is based on the general principle that if a pick is called while the thrower is in the act of throwing, and the thrower attempts to stop the throw as a result of the pick call, the disc would be returned to the thrower if the pass is incomplete. This ensures that the play is reset to the situation before the pick occurred, maintaining fairness in the game. For more detailed rules and scenarios involving picks and other calls, you can refer to the USAU 2020 Observer Manual and other official Ultimate frisbee rulebooks.

False. There are exceptions to the rule that play stops immediately and no turnover is possible when a foul or violation call is made. For instance, under certain conditions, play does not stop until the thrower acknowledges the call, and if a turnover occurs before acknowledgment, the turnover may stand. Additionally, if a marking infraction or violation is called and the thrower attempts a pass before, during, or after the call, the turnover can stand if the pass is incomplete, unless specific conditions apply. There are also specific rules regarding continuation after a call, where play may continue under certain circumstances until the outcome of the play is determined.

False. Pivots and wind-ups are not part of the act of throwing. The throwing motion is defined as the motion that transfers momentum from the thrower to the disc in the direction of flight and results in a throw. Pivots and wind-ups do not constitute the actual act of throwing.

False. According to the rules provided, if a defender incorrectly initiates a stoppage while the disc is in the air and the opposition drops the disc, the disc must be returned to the thrower unless rule 16.3 applies. Rule 16.3 pertains to situations where the call or event did not affect the outcome of the play. If the incorrect stoppage did not affect the play, then the turnover would stand as per rule 16.3. However, if the incorrect stoppage did affect the play, then the disc would indeed be returned to the thrower.

False. According to the rules of Ultimate, if a pick is called while the thrower is in the act of throwing, and the thrower attempted to stop the throw as a result of the pick call, and the pass is incomplete, the disc would be returned to the thrower. However, if the thrower does not hear the pick call or it does not affect the play, and the pass is intercepted, the interception stands and the play does not stop. The continuation rule applies, meaning that the result of the play stands unless the pick call directly affected the play. Therefore, if the pick call did not affect the play and the pass was intercepted, the disc would not automatically return to the thrower.

That is correct. According to the rules of Ultimate, the act of throwing is defined as the motion that transfers momentum from the thrower to the disc in the direction of flight and results in a throw. Pivots and wind-ups are not considered part of the throwing motion. This distinction is important for understanding what constitutes a legal throw and for making calls related to infractions and fouls during a game.

False. Pivots and wind-ups are not part of the act of throwing. The throwing motion is defined as the motion that transfers momentum from the thrower to the disc in the direction of flight and results in a throw. Pivots and wind-ups do not constitute the actual act of throwing.

False. When an offensive throwing foul is called by the marker and the thrower contests the foul, the play stops and the disc remains with the thrower. According to the rules, the stall count does not automatically resume at a maximum of six. Instead, the stall count is typically resumed at the count reached before the foul was called, minus one, or as otherwise dictated by the specific rules regarding the resolution of the foul. For example, if the marker had reached "Stalling 7" before the foul was called, upon resuming play, the stall count would continue from "Stalling 6" after the check. However, the exact number to resume from can vary depending on the situation and the specific rules applicable to the foul and contest. Therefore, the statement that the stall count must resume at a maximum of six is not accurate without additional context regarding the stall count reached prior to the foul call.

According to the rules of Ultimate, when a pick is called and the thrower attempts to stop the throw as a result of the pick call, but the pass is intercepted, the disc should be returned to the thrower. This is because the pick call could have potentially affected the play, even if the interception by the defender seems unrelated to the pick. The rules aim to ensure fairness by negating any advantage that may have been gained due to the pick, regardless of whether the pick and the pick call directly influenced the outcome of the play. Therefore, in the scenario you described, the disc must be returned to the thrower following the pick call and the subsequent interception.

False. Pivots and wind-ups are not part of the act of throwing. The throwing motion is defined as the motion that transfers momentum from the thrower to the disc in the direction of flight and results in a throw. Pivots and wind-ups do not constitute the actual act of throwing.

False. A turnover in Ultimate frisbee is not considered a violation; it is simply an event that transfers possession of the disc from one team to the other. Violations, on the other hand, are specific infractions of the rules that can occur during play, such as fouls or traveling. Turnovers can occur for various reasons, such as a pass being intercepted or going out of bounds, but they are not classified as violations.

False. According to the rules, if a pick is called while the disc is in the air and the receiver believes the pick call affected the play, the disc would indeed go back to the thrower. However, the specific rule number provided in the question, 16.2.4.1, does not correspond to any of the source content provided. The closest relevant rule from the provided sources is from "Rules of Ultimate - Continuation after a Call (16.2.3)," which states that if a pick is called while the thrower is in the act of throwing, and the thrower attempted to stop the throw as a result of the pick call, and the pass is incomplete, the disc would be returned to the thrower. This implies that if the receiver believes the pick call affected the play, the disc should be returned to the thrower, which is consistent with the general principle of continuation after a call in Ultimate.

False. According to the rules of Ultimate, if a 'Pick' is called while the thrower still has the disc and the thrower does not hear the 'Pick' call and makes a pass, the continuation rule applies. If the receiver drops the pass, the result of the play does not automatically revert to the thrower. Instead, the play is assessed based on whether the 'Pick' or the call for the 'Pick' affected the outcome. If it is agreed that the 'Pick' or the call did not affect the play, the turnover stands. If the 'Pick' or the call did affect the play, then the disc would go back to the thrower.

True. According to the rules of Ultimate, if a pick call is made and the receiver believes it affected the play, the disc is returned to the thrower. This is because a pick can prevent a defender from making a play on the disc, and if the pick is acknowledged and believed to have affected the play, the disc should be returned to the last non-disputed thrower to reset the play.

A dump in ultimate frisbee refers to a player who is positioned behind the thrower and is available as a short, safe passing option. The dump is typically used when the thrower is under pressure and needs to quickly get rid of the disc to maintain possession. The dump player helps to reset the offense and keep the disc moving. They are often responsible for initiating cuts and providing support to the thrower. The dump play is an essential strategy in maintaining control and advancing the disc down the field.

To call a violation in Ultimate frisbee, any opposing player may claim a violation by calling the specific name of the violation or simply saying "Violation," unless specified otherwise by the particular rule. The thrower may also call a marking violation and stop play if there is a marking infraction. Additionally, if the offense breaches certain rules, the defense may give a verbal warning or call a "Violation." It is important to note that a player cannot call a violation if a player on their own team is in the wrong position or is moving before the check. If play should continue without a stoppage, any player recognizing this should announce "play on." If the player who called the breach does not announce "play on" and the opposing team is uncertain whether play should continue, the opposing team has the option to stop play by calling "violation." Remember, it is crucial to use the correct term when making a call, but if a player uses the incorrect name for a call, the call should still be dealt with as if the correct term was used.

A "Dangerous Play" in ultimate frisbee refers to a situation where a player makes or attempts to make a play that could potentially cause serious injury to themselves or other players. This can include actions such as late diving bids that result in heavy collisions, tackling another player, or using another player to assist in a leap. Players have the right to call "dangerous play" when they believe an opponent's actions pose a significant risk of injury. The specific process for handling dangerous play calls may vary, but it is important to note and record such incidents, even if they do not result in formal calls. The dangerous play can be contested, and if upheld, it is resolved as if the player had called a foul. The calling player may choose to treat the dangerous play as a receiving foul or a general foul, depending on the circumstances. If a dangerous play call is uncontested or ruled by an observer, the offending player may be issued a Personal Misconduct Foul or even face ejection, depending on the severity of the infraction and the potential for injury.

You need a check to restart the game in the following situations: after a turnover, after a call that did not result in a goal, and when play starts or restarts after being out-of-bounds.

If a pick call is made before the throw, the pick is deemed to have been called when it was actually called, not when it occurred. However, if the defender delays the pick call for more than two seconds, a different rule applies. On the other hand, if a pick call is made after the throw, the timing of the call can impact the outcome. If the thrower continues the throw without any impact from the pick call and the pass is completed, the result of the play stands. However, if the thrower heard the pick call while throwing and it affected the throw resulting in an incomplete pass, the disc is returned to the thrower.